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Angkor Wat, located in modern-day Cambodia, is the largest religious monument in the world. Its history is a fascinating journey from a Hindu state temple to a Buddhist pilgrimage site, reflecting the rise and fall of the Khmer Empire.
1. The Golden Age: Construction (1113–1150 AD)
Angkor Wat was built during the reign of King Suryavarman II in the first half of the 12th century.
• Purpose: Unlike most Khmer temples dedicated to Shiva, Angkor Wat was dedicated to Vishnu. It served as the King’s state temple and was intended to be his final resting place (mausoleum).
• Symbolism: The architecture is a "temple mountain," designed to represent Mount Meru, the home of the gods in Hindu mythology. The five central towers symbolize Meru's peaks, while the massive moat represents the cosmic ocean.
• Scale: It is estimated that construction took roughly 30 years, involving 300,000 laborers and 6,000 elephants.