HuScalar quantities have only magnitude (size), while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction. For example, speed is a scalar quantity as it only tells you how fast something is moving, whereas velocity is a vector quantity because it specifies both speed and direction of movement.
Here's a table summarizing the key differences:
Feature:
✍️Definition.
Scalar Quantity :-
A quantity that has only magnitude (size).
Vector Quality.
A quantity that has both magnitude and direction.
✍️Dimensionality
Scalar Quantity:-
Can be one, two, or three-dimensional.
Vector Quality:-
Can be one, two, or three-dimensional.
✍️Change in Quantity
Scalar Quantity:-
A change in a scalar quantity is a reflection of a change in its magnitude.
Vector Quality:-
A change in a vector quantity can reflect a change in its magnitude, its direction, or both.
✍️Representation
Scalar Quantity:-
Represented as a simple number with a unit.
Vector Quality:-
Represented graphically as an arrow, with the length of the arrow indicating magnitude and the arrowhead indicating direction.
✍️Examples
Scalar Quantity:-
Mass, temperature, time, distance, speed, energy.
Vector Quality:-
Displacement, velocity, force, weight, momentum.
Mathematical Operations
🔑Scalar Quantity
Standard arithmetic and algebraic operations can be applied to scalars.
🔑Vector Quality:-
Vector algebra is used to perform mathematical operations on vectors. The result of operations between two vectors can be a scalar (dot product) or a vector (cross product, sum, difference).
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By Bibek Sir.
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