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How is Crude Oil Separated by Fractional Distillation | Hydrocarbons | Organic | GCSE Chemistry (9-1) | KayScience

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Fractional distillation can be used to separate crude oil based on the different boiling points of the fractions. Before the crude oil enters the fractionating column, it is heated and vapourised into a gas. The bitumen fraction does not evaporate and flows out the bottom of the fractionating column. The fractionating column is hottest at the bottom and coolest at the top. The gases rise up the fractionating column. The gases condense when they go below their boiling points. The larger molecules condense near the bottom as they have higher boiling points. The smaller molecules condense near the top as they have lower boiling points.

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