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🔬 Biohybrid Muscle Robots: The Future Of Living, Breathing Machines Begins

Researchers at The University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science have achieved a scientific leap that brings robots closer to biological life. They successfully built functional skeletal muscles from scratch using myoblast-filled hydrogel sheets, aligned fibers, and anchor points—then attached them to a robot as antagonistic muscle pairs, just like the human body.

This arrangement allowed one muscle to contract while the other expanded, preventing shrinkage and maintaining strength for over a week, solving one of the biggest challenges in muscle-powered robotics. The result? Robots capable of smooth, natural, finger-like movement, flexing up to 90° and performing tasks like picking up rings or coordinating with another robot to lift objects.

This breakthrough opens doors to organic prosthetics, soft robots, surgical micro-tools, and future machines that combine biology with engineering for lifelike motion.

Paper: Biohybrid robot powered by an antagonistic pair of skeletal muscle tissues
Authors: Y. Morimoto et al.
Journal: Science Robotics
DOI: sci.robotics/aat4440
Provided by: University of Tokyo

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