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The Forgotten Empire That Ruled Global Trade: The Malacca Sultanate
Long before Singapore was a global powerhouse, one empire controlled the most important waterway on Earth.
In this video, we explore the rise and fall of the Malacca Sultanate—a tiny port that grew into a massive trade hub connecting China, India, and Europe. From the legendary story of a mouse deer and a prince to the massive treasure fleets of Admiral Zheng He, Malacca was the "Venice of the East." Discover how spices worth more than gold led to its ultimate downfall when the Portuguese arrived in 1511, sparking the age of European colonialism in Asia. This is the story of the gateway to the world.


References and Sources
Trade Statistics: UNCTAD Review of Maritime Transport 2024 and U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) data on the Malacca Strait as a global oil chokepoint.

Foundation Myth: The Malay Annals (Sejarah Melayu), particularly accounts of Parameswara (Iskandar Shah).

Zheng He Voyages: The Admiral: Zheng He (Saudi Aramco World) and historical studies by Professor Wang Gungwu.

Portuguese Conquest: Suma Oriental by Tomé Pires (translated by Armando Cortesão), providing an eyewitness account of the city before and after the 1511 siege.

Ming Retaliation: The Capture of Malacca in 1511 (World Heritage of Portuguese Origin) documenting the diplomatic fallout in China.

Malacca Sultanate Overview (Britannica)
https://www.britannica.com/place/Malacca

Strait of Malacca as a Global Trade Chokepoint
https://www.britannica.com/place/Stra...

Islamic Maritime Empire in Southeast Asia
https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/isl...

Malacca and the Indian Ocean Trade Network
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/histor...

Diplomatic Relations Between Ming China and Malacca
https://www.britannica.com/biography/...

Why Malacca Prospered Before European Arrival
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journa...

Portuguese Conquest of Malacca (1511)
https://www.britannica.com/event/Fall...

Book: “Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce” — Anthony Reid
https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/97803...

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