What is a particle in Wolfram's universe?

It’s pretty easy to see how three-dimensional space might arise from Wolfram Physics.

The hypergraph kinda looks like space, and, for some rules, it kinda looks like it’s three-dimensional.

But our universe isn’t just empty three-dimensional space.

It’s mostly empty space, but there are also particles moving through that space: photons, neutrinos, electrons, quarks.

Sometimes, these particles interact, annihilating each other and producing new particles.

If Wolfram Physics is to be a successful model of our universe, it must, of course, model these elementary particles and their interactions.

So where are the particles in the hypergraph?

What is a particle in Wolfram’s universe?

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Animations:

- Thanks to Alan Dewar http://www.cuug.ab.ca/dewara/ for permission to use his excellent implementation of Conway’s Game of Life http://www.cuug.ab.ca/dewara/life/lif... for many of the animations in the video
- Thanks also to Chris Rowett for permission to use his Life Viewer https://lazyslug.com/lifeviewer/ another beautiful implementation of Conway’s Game of Life, which I used for the greyship animation in the video and image in the thumbnail
- Another implementation of Conway’s Game of Life, which reproduces the Life Lexicon from https://conwaylife.com/ref/lexicon/le... is at https://playgameoflife.com/

Sources:

- Talking of https://conwaylife.com/ that’s another incredible resource for information on Conway’s Game of Life

Tools:

- I created an RLE to text converter https://lasttheory.com/tools/rle-to-t... to convert Run Length Encoded https://conwaylife.com/wiki/Run_Lengt... patterns to plain text format

Images:

- John H Conway 2005 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... by Thane Plambeck https://www.flickr.com/photos/thane/ licensed under CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

Sounds:

- Crickets choir https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... by Serg Childed https://musictales.club/tags/nature-s... licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/...

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The Last Theory https://lasttheory.com/ is hosted by Mark Jeffery https://markjeffery.com/ founder of the Open Web Mind https://www.openwebmind.com/

Prefer to listen to the audio? Search for The Last Theory in your podcast player, or listen at https://lasttheory.com/podcast/043-wh...

The full article is at https://lasttheory.com/article/what-i...

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