CALORIMETRY_Part 01

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CALORIMETRY: Calorimetry is one of the method for the determination of specific heat or latent heat of substance, the method used is method of mixtures.According to the principle of calorimetery,When a body at higher temperature is brought in contact with another body at lower temperature, the heat lost by the hot body is equal to the heat gain by the colder body, provided no heat is allowed to escape to the surroundings. Heat lost by the hot body = Heat gain by the cold body.This is known as principle of method of mixtures.CALORIMETER:-The device in which heat measurement can be made by utilising the principle of calorimetry is called a calorimeter.1.Calorimeter consists of cylindrical metallic vessel and stirrer of same material like copper or aluminium.2.The vessel is kept inside a wooden box, its outer surfaces are polished to prevent loss of heat due to radiation.3.The space between the calorimeter and wooden box is filled with non-conducting material like glass or wool to prevent heat loss due to conduction.4.Calorimeter is closed with a non-conducting lid to minimize the loss of heat due to convection.5. The stirrer and thermometer are inserted through a hole provided at the centre of a lid.EXPERIMENT: DETERMINATION OF SPECIFIC HEAT OF SOLID:PROCEDURE:-1.An empty and dry calorimeter with stirrer is cleaned and its mass is determined by using common balance.2.Water is filled in the calorimeter up to one-third of its volume and its mass is again determined.3.The calometer is placed in wooden box and temperature of water is noted as t1 degree centigrade using thermometer.4.Now the solid material whose specific heat is to be measured, taken in the form of small pieces is kept is a steam beater and then it is heated.5.The solid pieces are heated to a temperature t2 degree centigrade in steam heater.6.Now the solid pieces were quickly transferred into the calorimeter.7.The contents in the calorimeter are stirrer well and the resultant temperature of mixture T3 degree centigrade is noted.8.Finally, the mass of calorimeter along with water and solid pieces is determined.
THEORY:- Mass of calorimeter with stirrer = m1
Mass of calorimeter + stirrer + water = m2, Mass of water = m2 -m1
Mass of calorimeter + stirrer + water + solid = m3
Mass of solid = m3 -m2, initial temperature of calorimeter with water = t1 0c
Temperature of solid = t2 0c, Resultant temperature of mixture = t3 0c
Specific heat capacity of material of calorimeter = s1
Specific heat of water = s2, specific heat of solid = s
Amount heat gain by calorimeter = m1 s1 into t3 - t1
Amount of heat gain by water = m2 - m1 into s2 into t3 -- t1
Amount of heat gain by solid = m3 -m2) s t2 - t3
According to principle of method of mixtures
Heat lost by hot body = Heat gain by calorimeter and water
m3 - m2 s t2 - t 3 = m1 s1 +m2 --m1 into t3 - t1