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The process of applying the sheath to cables in a cable manufacturing factory is known as **cable sheathing extrusion**. This process typically involves the following steps:

1. *Conductor Preparation:* The conductors of the cable are first cleaned and preheated to ensure that their surface is free of impurities, allowing the sheath material to adhere better.

2. *Extruder Heating:* The sheathing material (such as PVC or polyethylene) is fed into the extruder, where it is melted into a liquid state under high temperatures.

3. *Sheathing Extrusion:* The molten sheathing material is uniformly extruded onto the cable conductors through the die of the extruder, forming a protective outer layer.

4. *Cooling and Shaping:* The freshly extruded cable sheath is rapidly cooled and shaped in a water cooling trough, ensuring it attains the required physical properties.

5. *Quality Inspection:* The cooled cable sheath undergoes inspection to ensure it meets the standards for dimensions, durability, and insulation performance.

This process ensures that the cable can function effectively in various harsh environments, thereby extending its service life.