What Are Night Terrors?

What are night terrors? It’s the middle of the night; everything is quiet. Suddenly, you are roused awake by the sound of motion next to you. You look over and see your partner tossing and turning next to you as if they’re in the middle of a bad dream. Suddenly, they sit bolt upright in bed and scream...and then lie down and go back to sleep as if nothing happened, leaving you to sit there and ask: what was that? Most likely, the answer is that your partner just experienced a night terror.

#NightTerror #Nightmares #BadDreams

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Summary:
Unless you’ve already been diagnosed with them yourself, hearing the phrase “night terrors” might lead you to assume that that’s just another name used to describe a nightmare. However, while you might chalk up the symptoms as simply the result of a bad dream, night terrors are in fact a completely different beast entirely.

Night terrors are recurring nighttime episodes that can occur when a person is asleep, typically within the first half of the person’s sleep cycle during stages 3 and 4 of non-rapid eye movement. When night terrors occur, the person affected partially wakes from this stage of sleep, resulting in the person being in something of a half-asleep, half-awake state. A typical night terrors episode can last as quickly as a few seconds or as long as 10 minutes or more. When a night terror occurs, the person affected may sit up in bed, scream or cry, thrash around, or even get out of bed altogether and begin to run around the room. Other telltale signs include rapid breathing, an increased heart rate, or flushed and sweaty skin. People affected by night terrors may also become aggressive if anyone tries to retrain them during an episode, like a partner or family member. While more common in children, night terrors also affect an estimated 2 percent of adults as well. We say “estimated” because there’s no way to be completely sure; usually, a person goes back to sleep after experiencing a night terror and most often doesn’t even remember the occurrence the next morning. For those affected, people with night terrors might experience only a few episodes per year, or they might experience them on a regular basis. In rare instances, people who struggle with night terrors might even experience multiple episodes in a single night.

What separates a night terror from a simple nightmare or bad dream is that, in addition to causing the symptoms we mentioned, people typically don’t remember experiencing night terrors after they’ve passed, whereas people might still remember scenes or snippets of their nightmares after waking.

At this point, you’re probably wondering what causes night terrors, and if you or someone you know is affected by them, what you can do to cure or at the very least lessen the effects and symptoms. While studies are inconclusive as to what can be identified as a root cause of night terrors, researchers have been able to recognize a number of different correlations which seem to point towards potential factors.

One correlation sleep experts have appeared to identify is a link between night terrors and respiratory conditions such as sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder in which a person’s breathing is repeatedly interrupted while they are sleeping, and is characterized by symptoms such as loud snoring, frequent waking throughout the night, and waking up with a dry mouth, headache, or sore throat. Sleep apnea can be caused by risk factors such as obesity or excessive consumption of alcohol and tobacco, and if left unchecked and untreated can potentially lead to other, more harmful conditions such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

In a study conducted in 2003, 20 participants were monitored how respiratory conditions while sleeping could potentially contribute to night terrors. What they found was that there does appear to be a definite link between the two: according to their research, it was suggested that for people with sleep apnea and other breathing-related ailments, the extra effort required to keep breathing throughout the night could be a potential trigger for night terrors and similar conditions.

Research has also seemed to suggest that recurring night terrors could also be a potential symptom of underlying conditions that affect mental health, such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder. Night terrors could also be seen as potentially symptomatic of people struggling with trauma or the long-term effects of repeated stress.

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