Скачать или смотреть Dysphagia - Quick Bites Internal medicine (Gastroenterology)

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Definitions – The terms dysphagia and odynophagia are defined as follows (see 'Definitions' above):
•Dysphagia is a subjective sensation of difficulty or abnormality of swallowing.
•Odynophagia is pain with swallowing.

●Acute dysphagia – The acute onset of inability to swallow solids and/or liquids, including secretions, suggests impaction of food or foreign body in the esophagus and requires immediate attention. Food impaction is the most common cause for acute onset of dysphagia in adults.

●Nonacute dysphagia – Dysphagia can be classified as oropharyngeal dysphagia or esophageal dysphagia. Oropharyngeal or transfer dysphagia is characterized by difficulty initiating a swallow or by the sensation of food getting stuck immediately after a swallow. Swallowing may be accompanied by coughing, choking, nasopharyngeal regurgitation, aspiration, and a sensation of residual food remaining in the pharynx. Esophageal dysphagia is characterized by difficulty swallowing several seconds after initiating a swallow and a sensation of food getting stuck, or slowly passing through, the esophagus.

Esophageal dysphagia should be characterized according to types of food that produce symptoms (ie, solids, liquids, or both), the time course (ie, progressive or intermittent), severity, and associated symptoms (ie, weight loss, heartburn, or regurgitation)

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