Скачать или смотреть Primary Biliary cholangitis

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC): Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

In this video, we cover Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC), a chronic liver disease important for medical students preparing for exams like the USMLE, UKMLA, NEET PG, and more. PBC, also known as Primary Biliary Cholangitis, is an autoimmune condition leading to the progressive destruction of the small intrahepatic bile ducts. Over time, this results in cholestasis, fibrosis, and eventually cirrhosis.

Pathophysiology and Causes
PBC is thought to be an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. T-lymphocytes attack these ducts, leading to bile buildup, liver cell damage, and fibrosis. Risk factors include being female, a history of autoimmune diseases, and certain genetic factors.

Symptoms
Fatigue and pruritus (itching), which are common early symptoms.
Jaundice as the disease progresses.
Xanthomas and xanthelasmas due to lipid buildup.
Hepatomegaly and eventually symptoms of cirrhosis.
Diagnosis
Liver Function Tests (LFTs): Elevated ALP and GGT are early markers.
Antimitochondrial Antibodies (AMAs): Present in over 90% of cases and specific to PBC.
Liver Biopsy: Used less frequently but can confirm the diagnosis and assess disease stage.
Imaging: Often performed to exclude other causes of biliary obstruction.
Treatment
Ursodeoxycholic Acid (UDCA): A bile acid that slows progression and improves liver function.
Obeticholic Acid: For patients who do not respond to UDCA.
Supportive Care: Includes managing symptoms like pruritus with cholestyramine and addressing bone health with vitamin D and calcium.
Liver Transplant: Considered for advanced disease or liver failure.
PBC is a progressive disease requiring lifelong management. This video covers the core concepts to help you understand its pathophysiology, recognize symptoms, and review diagnostic and treatment strategies.

Don't forget to like, comment, share, and subscribe for more high-yield medical content!
💻X(twitter): www.twitter.com/@Wil_dMed
💻Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/wildm.edici...