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Changing Array Size in Java: A Comprehensive Tutorial

In Java, arrays are fixed-size data structures. This means that once you declare the size of an array, you cannot directly resize it like you would with dynamic collections such as `ArrayLists`. This limitation stems from the way Java allocates memory for arrays: a contiguous block of memory is reserved to hold all the elements. Changing the size would potentially require moving the array to a new memory location, which could be an expensive operation and break existing references to elements within the array.

However, there are several techniques you can use to effectively "change" the size of an array in Java. Essentially, these techniques involve creating a new array with the desired size and copying the elements from the original array into the new one.

This tutorial will explore different approaches to changing array size in Java, along with code examples, and discuss the trade-offs involved.

*I. Techniques for Changing Array Size*

Here's a breakdown of the most common methods:

1. *Creating a New Array and Copying Elements (Manual Copying)*

This is the most fundamental approach and provides the most control. You manually create a new array of the desired size and then iterate through the elements of the original array, copying them into the new array.

*Advantages:*

Explicit control over the copying process.
Can selectively copy elements (e.g., only copy elements that meet a certain condition).
Understanding this method is essential for comprehending other techniques.

*Disadvantages:*

Requires writing more code than other approaches.
More prone to errors if not implemented carefully.

*Code Example:*



*Explanation:*

The `resizeArray` method takes the original array and the desired `newSize` as input.
It creates a new array `newArray` of the specified size.
`Math.min(original.length, newSize)` is used to d ...

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