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Reference: From observation to aetiology: a case report of a twin fetus-in-fetu and a revisit of the known rarity
https://www.hkmj.org/abstracts/v21n1/...

Key Features of Fetus in Fetu:
Definition: A developmental abnormality where a nonviable, underdeveloped fetus is enclosed within the body of its twin, typically in the retroperitoneal region.
Etiology: Believed to result from abnormal embryogenesis during early development of monozygotic twins, where one twin envelops the other.
Location: Most commonly found in the retroperitoneum, but can also be located in the skull, thorax, pelvis, or scrotum.
Anatomy: The parasitic mass may show a recognizable fetal form, with vertebral segmentation, limb buds, rudimentary organs, or even hair and teeth, distinguishing it from a teratoma.

Clinical Presentation:
Often presents in infancy or early childhood.
May be discovered as an abdominal mass, leading to symptoms like pain, vomiting, or failure to thrive.

Diagnosis:
Imaging (CT or MRI) reveals a mass with well-organized fetal-like structures, sometimes including a spine or long bones.
Histopathology confirms the presence of organized tissues and structures.

Treatment: Surgical removal is curative, and recurrence is rare.
Prognosis: Excellent after complete excision; the lesion is benign, unlike teratomas which have malignant potential.
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