Скачать или смотреть Solving the ModuleNotFoundError: Properly Importing Python Modules in Your Project

Learn how to efficiently manage imports in Python projects to avoid `ModuleNotFoundError` and streamline your code organization.
---
This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/71475041/ asked by the user 'Jacobo' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/9422114/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/71476944/ provided by the user 'jupiterbjy' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/10909029/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

Visit these links for original content and any more details, such as alternate solutions, latest updates/developments on topic, comments, revision history etc. For example, the original title of the Question was: ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'sharedFunctions'

Also, Content (except music) licensed under CC BY-SA https://meta.stackexchange.com/help/l...
The original Question post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license, and the original Answer post is licensed under the 'CC BY-SA 4.0' ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... ) license.

If anything seems off to you, please feel free to write me at vlogize [AT] gmail [DOT] com.
---
Solving the ModuleNotFoundError: Properly Importing Python Modules in Your Project

Are you frustrated by the ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'sharedFunctions' error while working on your Python project? You're not alone! This problem often occurs due to improper module imports in structured Python applications. Fortunately, there's a clear path to resolving these issues. Let's dive into the specifics of how to make your imports work seamlessly within your project.

Understanding the Project Structure

Before troubleshooting the error, it's crucial to grasp the folder structure of your project. Here's the structure you're working with:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

In this structure:

__init__.py is used to mark the directory as a package.

The sharedFunctions.py contains important functions that you want to reuse in other modules.

The useSharedFunction.py is attempting to utilize the functionality defined in download_module.

The Problem at Hand

When you try to run your useSharedFunction.py script, you're met with the following error:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This error typically arises from issues in how Python resolves module imports, especially when dealing with sibling modules.

Analyzing the Import Statements

Let's take a closer look at the relevant import statements:

In downloadProcess.py, the code attempts to import sharedFunctions like so:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This import fails because sharedFunctions is indeed a sibling file to downloadProcess.py, but using a direct import like this can lead to confusion for Python regarding module paths.

How Python Handles Imports

Python uses two types of imports:

Absolute imports: These are the standard imports and typically include the full path from the project root.

Relative imports: These are based on the current module's location, using dot notation (e.g., from .sharedFunctions).

A Recommended Solution

To fix the import error, we need to implement relative imports within download_process.py. Here's how to adjust the import statement:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This change specifies that sharedFunctions should be imported relative to the package, thereby helping Python identify the module correctly without throwing an error.

Making Imports Work Regardless of the Execution Context

However, we need to ensure that the script can run both as a standalone script and as part of a module package. To achieve this, a common practice is to use a try-except block in your modules. Here's a sample approach you might consider for downloadProcess.py:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This ensures your code will:

First, try to perform a relative import.

If that fails (meaning it's being run as a standalone script), it will fall back on an absolute import from the local scope.

Conclusion

By understanding how Python resolves module imports and modifying your code to utilize relative imports where appropriate, you can avoid common pitfalls that lead to ModuleNotFoundError. This will not only help you run scripts smoothly but also maintain a clean and organized codebase.

Remember, proper management of your Python project structure and imports is key to a successful coding experience. Happy coding!