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Reshaping Sports in Rural Areas
 India’s success at the Olympics, a commendable achievement.
 Many ‘firsts’ were added.
 India is known as a powerhouse in wrestling.
 Athletes from rural India remain the heroes of the success.
 India bagged its highest medals ever achieved.
 The first gold in athletics in men’s javelin was brought by Neeraj Chopra.
 India also won a bronze in hockey after a drought of 41-years.
 Meera Bai Chanu lifted a billion Indian hopes with a silver medal at the Olympics.
 Ravi Dahiya, Bajrang Punia and Lovlina Borgohain won a silver and two bronze medals at the Tokyo Olympics.
 Games and Sports have served multiple purposes:
 Keeping people fit
 Maintaining harmony
 Channelizing the youth’s energy in constructive areas
 Keeping youths away from substance abuse
 Pulling the youth out of poverty
 Khelo India, TOPS Schemes, etc. are the recent initiatives by the Government of India.
Ancient to Modern
 Epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata are full of incidences of sports such as archery, wrestling, horse-riding, chariot-racing, etc.
 Wrestling during Mahabharata was known as Malla-yuddha with participation of legendary characters like Bhima, Balram and Jarasandha.
 The legend of the Phogat sisters and wrestlers like Sakshi Malik have changed the outlook of patriarchs.
 Sakshi Malik also became the first Indian female wrestler to win a medal at the Olympics.
 Wrestling has emerged as one of India’s strongholds in modern sports times.
Mallakhamb: The Ultra-Gymnastics
 An ancient version of Gymnastics wherein a gymnast performs aerial yoga and gymnastic posture atop or with a standing pole.
 Popular in rural pockets of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
 Immense stamina, practice and discipline are required.
 The memoirs of the Chinese traveller Huen-Tsang reflect one of the earliest written descriptions of Mallakhamb dating seventh century CE.
 Prayagraj was recognized as a site where Hindu ascetics used to climb poles as a yogic exercise.
 One hand and one foot clinging onto it
 Other hand and foot stretched out in the air
 Watched the sunset with their heads turned right, indicating a solar rite
 In the year 1958, the sport of Mallakhamb was formally institutionalized, the time it was introduced as a sport in the National Gymnastics Championship followed by the first National Mallakhamb Championship in 1962 at Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh.
 In 2013, Madhya Pradesh declared Mallakhamb as the State sports.
 Participants from 15 countries such as the USA, England, Germany, France, Japan, Singapore, Italy amongst others took part in the Mallakhamb World Championship 2019 held in Mumbai.
 Mallakhamb was performed in the Olympics in the year 1936 for the first time.
Kalaripayattu or Kalari
 The Ancient Indian Martial Art.
 Could be traced back to the Sangam period in South India.
 Used to prepare warriors in ancient times.
 Requires great mind-body coordination and agility using kicks and swings.
 Attacking and protecting with spears, shields, swords, etc.
 It is practiced today as a competitive sport thereby attracting youth mainly from Kerala.
 Follows a guru-shishya parampara:
 Students (shishya)
 Master (guru)
 Training centers (Kalari)
 The Kalari training continued as an oral instruction (vaytharis) till 1936 and then it was codified in written from as a book and descriptive writings followed at a scale by 1953 which popularized the sports.
 The Kalaripayattu Academy was established by the Kerala Govt. in 2021.

Chapters:
0:00 Sports in Rural India: Kurukshetra November 2021
0:18 Reshaping Sports in Rural Areas
2:34 TOPS Scheme
5:02 National Education Policy 2020
6:38 Challenges for Women in Sports
8:31 Mission POSHAN 2.0
10:35 Criconet
11:25 Sports Tourism Sector
13:23 PMAY-G
13:51 Housing Schemes
14:05 MIG Scheme
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