MINI Cooper R50 - R53 Reading Fuel Injection Fault Codes

All MINIs use a sophisticated Bosch engine management system called EMS2000; also called EMS2K.

The EMS2000 (Engine Management System) is used on R50, R52 and R53 models. The second generation R56,R55,R57 use MEV 17.2 and MED 17.2 the "V" indicates Valvetronic (N12 engines) and the "D" in MED is for Direct Injection (N14 engines) the LCI (8/2010) R56,R55,R57 use MEVD 17.2.2 on N18 Cooper S and MEV 17.2.2 on N16 Cooper, all produced by Bosch.

This system (also called the Digital Motor Electronics or DME) is hands down the best overall fuel injection system that you can use when you consider price and performance. Ignition timing and fuel delivery are all controlled by a digital map that is recorded in software within the main fuel injection (DME) computer. The computer takes input from a variety of sensors that are located on the engine: cylinder head temperature, altitude (ambient air pressure), crank angle, throttle position, exhaust gas oxygen (mixture), ambient air temperature, and mass air flow. The DME software is programmed from the factory with certain performance characteristics (mostly conservative) so that the engine will react well under a host of varying conditions.

As with any electronic device, components can fail, triggering problems with the system. The Motronic system is designed to react to these failures and indicate them to the driver, so that they can be fixed. If one of the computer's sensors is not working properly, then the computer may not be able to successfully identify the current state of the engine and choose the appropriate fuel mixture or timing advance level. When this happens, the fuel mileage drops, engine performance suffers, emissions increase, and the car typically illuminates the 'check engine' light.

In order to accurately find the sensor and fix the problem, you will need to find out which error code is being triggered by the computer. Starting in 1996, all cars were equipped with OBD II, which was mandated by the US government, in order to standardize automotive repair and diagnostics (see Project for advanced monitoring of OBD II electronics). The OBD system is responsible for monitoring and checking all of the fuel injection sensors and systems in the vehicle, and turns on the 'check engine' lamp if it finds a problem or irregularity with one of them. The computer lodges a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) in the main computer until it is read and reset. Disconnecting the battery does not reset the codes - they need to be manually reset. For OBD II compliant cars the codes can only be read using a scan tool.

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