Laryngitis: Everything You Need to Know

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Chapters

0:00 Introduction
0:29 Causes of Laryngitis
1:37 Symptoms of Laryngitis
1:55 Diagnosis of Laryngitis
2:47 Treatment and Medication of Laryngitis


Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx (voice box).[1] Symptoms often include a hoarse voice and may include fever, cough, pain in the front of the neck, and trouble swallowing.[1][2] Typically, these last under two weeks.[1]

Laryngitis is categorised as acute if it lasts less than three weeks and chronic if symptoms last more than three weeks.[1] Acute cases usually occur as part of a viral upper respiratory tract infection,[1] other infections and trauma such as from coughing are other causes.[1] Chronic cases may occur due to smoking, tuberculosis, allergies, acid reflux, rheumatoid arthritis, or sarcoidosis.[1][3] The underlying mechanism involves irritation of the vocal cords.[2]

Concerning signs that may require further investigation include stridor, history of radiation therapy to the neck, trouble swallowing, duration of more than three weeks, and a history of smoking.[1] If concerning signs are present the vocal cords should be examined via laryngoscopy.[1] Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include epiglottitis, croup, inhaling a foreign body, and laryngeal cancer.[1][4]

The acute form generally resolves without specific treatment.[1] Resting the voice and sufficient fluids may help.[1] Antibiotics generally do not appear to be useful in the acute form.[5] The acute form is common while the chronic form is not.[1] The chronic form occurs most often in middle age and is more common in men than women.[6] The primary symptom of laryngitis is a hoarse voice.[7]: 108  Because laryngitis can have various causes, other signs and symptoms may vary.[8] They can include

Dry or sore throat
Coughing (both a causal factor and a symptom of laryngitis)
Frequent throat clearing
Increased saliva production
Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
Sensation of swelling in the area of the larynx (discomfort in the front of the neck)
Globus pharyngeus (feeling like there is a lump in the throat)
Cold or flu-like symptoms (which, like a cough, may also be a causal factor for laryngitis)
Swollen lymph nodes in the throat, chest, or face
Fever
General muscle pain (myalgia)
Shortness of breath, predominantly in children