Cave Architecture, Mauryan Architecture and Gupta Architecture | Art & Culture | StudyIQ IAS Hindi

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Generally Buddhist and Jain monks used these caves as places of worship and residence. The caves were discovered in western India. The Mauryans were the masters of cave architecture and are credited as being the forefathers of rock-cut cave architecture.
Cave architecture is also known as Rock-cut architecture. The rock-cut architecture is a type of Rock Art in which a structure is created by carving it out of solid natural rock. The cave architecture in India is believed to have begun during the ancient time. These caves were used by Buddhist and Jain monks as places of worship and dwelling. Initially the caves were excavated in the western India.

Indian rock-cut architecture is more diverse and abundant than any other type of rock building seen around the world (more than 1,500 rock-cut structures in India). The Mauryans were masters of cave architecture and are credited as being the forefathers of rock-cut cave architecture. Some examples of this type of cave structure are Chaityas and Viharas of Buddhists. The great cave at Karle is also one such example, where great Chaityas and Viharas were excavated by hewing out rocks.