TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA | ग्लूकोमा का इलाज कैसे करे? EYE DROPS USE TO MANAGE GLAUCOMA | काला मोतिया

TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA | ग्लूकोमा का इलाज कैसे करे? EYE DROPS USE TO MANAGE GLAUCOMA | काला मोतिया

#ग्लूकोमा
#GLAUCOMA
#कालामोतिया

Glaucoma (काला मोतिया)
Glaucoma is a group of eye related medical conditions that damage the optic nerve of eye,
The optic nerve is necessary for vision
Thus, that can cause blindness due to damage of optic nerve.

CAUSES OF GLAUCOMA
The increased pressure in our eye, called intraocular pressure, can damage optic nerve
Ocular hypertension
Elevated eye pressure is due to a buildup of a fluid (aqueous humor) that flows throughout the inside of your eye.
Family history of glaucoma

Intraocular pressure (IOP)
Normal eye pressure ranges from 12-22 mm Hg,
Eye pressure of greater than 22 mm Hg is considered higher than normal Called ocular hypertension

SYMPTOMS OF GLAUCOMA
Open-angle glaucoma
Patchy blind spots in both eyes
Tunnel vision
Acute angle-closure glaucoma
Severe headache
Eye pain
Nausea and vomiting
Blurred vision
Halos around lights
Eye redness

DIAGNOSIS OF GLAUCOMA
Visual field test = Checking for areas of vision loss
Pachymetry = Measuring corneal thickness
Gonioscopy= Inspecting the drainage angle
Tonometry= Measuring intraocular pressure
Testing for optic nerve damage with a dilated eye examination and imaging tests

CAN GLAUCOMA BE CURED?
In general, glaucoma cannot be cured, but it can be controlled.
Eye drops, pills, laser procedures, and surgical operations are used to prevent or slow further damage from occurring.
With any type of glaucoma, regular eye examinations are very important to detect progression and to prevent vision loss.

TREATMENT DURING GLAUCOMA
Prescription eyedrop medications include:
Prostaglandins.
Beta blockers.
Alpha-adrenergic agonists.
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
Rho kinase inhibitor.
Miotic or cholinergic agents
Oral medications
Surgery and other therapies

PROSTAGLANDINS FOR GLAUCOMA
They work by increase the outflow of the fluid in eye (aqueous humor) & reduce the eye pressure.
Latanoprost
Travoprost
Tafluprost
Bimatoprost
Latanoprostene bunod

SIDE EFFECTS OF PROSTAGLANDINS FOR GLAUCOMA
mild reddening
stinging of the eyes,
darkening of the iris,
darkening of the pigment of the eyelashes or eyelid skin
blurred vision

BETA BLOCKERS FOR GLAUCOMA
They work by reduce the production of the fluid in eye (aqueous humor) & reduce the eye pressure.
Timolol
Betaxolol

SIDE EFFECTS OF BETA BLOCKERS FOR GLAUCOMA
Difficulty breathing
Slowed heart rate
Lower blood pressure
Impotence
Fatigue

ALPHA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS FOR GLAUCOMA
They work by reduce the production of the fluid in eye (aqueous humor) and also outflow
Thus reduce the eye pressure.
Apraclonidine
Brimonidine

SIDE EFFECTS OF ALPHA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS FOR GLAUCOMA
Irregular heart rate
High blood pressure
Fatigue
Red, itchy or swollen eyes
Dry mouth.

CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS FOR TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA
They also work by reduce the production of the fluid in eye (aqueous humor), Thus reduce the eye pressure.
Dorzolamide
Brinzolamide

SIDE EFFECTS CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS FOR TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA
Metallic taste
Frequent urination,
Tingling in fingers
Tingling in toes.

RHO KINASE INHIBITOR FOR TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA
They also work by reduce the eye pressure by suppressing the rho kinase enzymes responsible for fluid increase.
Netarsudil
SIDE EFFECTS
Eye redness,
Eye discomfort
Deposits forming on the cornea.

MIOTIC OR CHOLINERGIC AGENTS FOR TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA
They also work by increase the outflow of eye
Pilocarpine
SIDE EFFECTS
Headache
Eye ache
Smaller pupils
Possible blurred
Dim vision
Nearsightedness.



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