Hyponatremia SALT LOSS Nursing Mnemonics, Nursing School Study Tips

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Hyponatremia is decreased levels of sodium in the blood. It can be caused by inadequate sodium or excess free water which leads to lower concentration of sodium. Sodium and potassium work together to allow depolarization of muscles. Low sodium levels can limit this ability and cause muscle weakness. Sodium in the blood helps maintain the oncotic pressure. If fluid leaves the blood vessels, it can lead to decreased blood pressure.

SALT LOSS
Stupor/coma
Anorexia, N&V
Lethargy
Tendon Reflexes decreased

Limp muscles (weakness)
Orthostatic hypotension
Seizures/headache
Stomach cramping