Minibytes by Route Genix | Differences between IOS and IOS XE

IOS is referred to as a "monolithic" operating system, meaning that all its processes run in the same address space on the same hardware, sharing the same memory and CPU. This can cause issues, such as a single process consuming too many resources and making the entire system unresponsive. Additionally, a single process crashing can bring down the entire system, which is unacceptable in modern networking. Upgrading IOS requires replacing the entire file and rebooting the system.


IOS XE, on the other hand, uses a Linux operating system where IOS runs as a separate process, allowing for separate processes to handle system functions. This provides advantages such as multiprocessing, enabling the workload of processes to be shared across multiple CPUs. If a single process crashes, it no longer takes down the entire OS. IOS XE also uses individual sub-packages, making it possible to upgrade individual components rather than everything at once. The sub-packages include RPBase, RPControl, RPAccess, RPIOS, ESPBase, SIPBase, and SIPSPA, and can be run individually or as a consolidated package. The CLI is similar to IOS, providing a familiar interface for users.


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