Croque Monsieur and Croque Madame

Croque Monsieur and Croque Madame are classic French sandwiches, often enjoyed as a quick yet satisfying meal in cafés and bistros across France.
A Croque Monsieur is a hot ham and cheese sandwich, topped with a creamy béchamel sauce and more cheese, then baked or grilled until golden and bubbly. The name "Croque Monsieur" roughly translates to "Mister Crunch."
A Croque Madame is essentially a Croque Monsieur with the addition of a fried egg on top. The egg resembles a lady’s hat, meaning "Madame."
The Croque Monsieur first appeared on Parisian café menus around 1910. Although its exact origin is somewhat unclear, it quickly became a staple in French cuisine due to its simplicity and delicious flavour.
The first known reference to the Croque Monsieur is in Marcel Proust's 1918 novel In Search of Lost Time. This mention helped cement its place in French culinary tradition.
Both Croque Monsieur and Croque Madame gained popularity due to their ease of preparation and satisfying nature. They became popular for a quick meal or a comforting snack, often enjoyed with a green salad or fries.
There are many regional and personal variations of these sandwiches. Some include adding ingredients like tomatoes, mustard, or different types of cheese.
These sandwiches are closely associated with French café culture. They epitomize the casual yet refined nature of French dining, offering a balance between simplicity and rich flavours.
Over time, Croque Monsieur and Croque Madame have transcended French borders, appearing on menus worldwide. They are celebrated for their straightforward preparation and comforting taste, making them a beloved dish in many countries.

👇 RECIPE BELOW
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Remember, when following a recipe, you must taste the dish as you go along. All recipes may require some adjustments to suit your personal preferences. These recipes are complete and make for great foundations you can tailor. I hope you enjoy cooking as much as I do.
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Croque Monsieur

Ingredients:
- 4 slices of white bread
- 8 slices of ham
- 4 slices of Gruyère cheese (or Emmental cheese) any cheese that melts I had Charmidor
- 2 cups of grated Gruyère cheese
- 4 tablespoons of butter, softened
- 2 tablespoons of all-purpose/plain flour
- 1 1/2 cups of whole milk
- Dijon mustard - as much as you like
- Mayonaise - optional
- A pinch of nutmeg
- Salt and pepper to taste

Croque Madame
Fried egg

Béchamel sauce
2 tbsp butter
2 tbsp all-purpose flour / plain flour
Milk as much as you need to make a sauce
Pinch of nutmeg.
I used cheese in my sauce - to make it cheesy - add whatever you like. It becomes a Mornay sauce

oven to 400°F (200°C) – 10 mins
Air fryer 180°F (190°C) – 10 mins
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