Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) - Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and Safety - Doctor Explains

In this video we will cover everything you need to know about Methylphenidate, also known as Concerta or Ritalin. This video is part of a video series on mental health problems. So for more mental health related videos check out this playlist:
   • Mental Health Problems and Solutions  

Generic name: Methylphenidate.
Brand names: Ritalin and Concerta.
Available as a tablets, modified release tablets and capsules.

How to use it?
Tablet: swallow it whole with half a glass of water. It is possible to chew on the tablet or break it.
Modified release tablet or a capsule: also take it with water, but don’t break it and do not chew on it. This can decrease its effectivity.
In addition it is advised to take Methylphenidate during a meal, as this can decrease your chances on side effects.

When to use it?
Methylphenidate has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system. It has properties similar to amphetamines. It can be used to treat ADHD, narcolepsy and it can be used during palliative sedation.

What is the correct dosage?
The precise dose will depend on your specific indication of use, the side effect you might experience ,the severity of your symptoms and the brand of methylphenidate you might be using.Therefore always use the precise amount and frequency your doctor prescribed you.

However, when treating ADHD symptoms with regular tablets in children older than 6 years or in adults: a usual starting dose would be 5mg 2x/day. If necessary this can be slowly increase up to a maximum dose of 60mg/day.
Here it is important to note, that the dosages of modified release tablets and capsules may be different.
When treating narcolepsy in adults, your doctor might prescribe a dose of 10mg/ 2-3 per day.

What are common the side-effects?
Very common (10%): insomnia, nervousness, headache, palpitations, decreased appetite, nausea and a dry mouth.
Common (1-10%): upper respiratory tract infection, shortness of breath, decreased appetite, weight loss, aggression, agitation, irritability, restlessness, anxiety, panic attack, stress, depression, decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, tics, tremor, mood swings, fast heart rate, high blood pressure , upset stomach, vomiting, diarrhoea, cough, sore throat, rash, itching, fever and fatigue.
Uncommon (0.1-1%): Hypersensitivity reactions, psychotic disorders, suicidal ideas, hallucinations, blurred vision, dry eyes, chest pain, hot flush, constipation, muscle twitching and muscle tension.
Rare (0.01-0.1%): mania, libido disorder, disorientation, chest pain, visual impairment and menstrual disorder.

Safety:
First of all be careful to combine methylphenidate with alcohol. As this might increase its dazing effects.
In addition, it can be dangerous to drive while using this drug. As it can cause you to become drowsy, sleepy and/or dizzy. If you experiencing any of these side effects than please do not drive. This is especially true for the first few weeks you are using it.
Furthermore, methylphenidate can have interactions with other drugs your are taking. always discuss this with your prescribing doctor.
Unfortunately, the effects of methylphenidate during pregnancy or while breastfeeding are not studied properly. Therefore it could be dangerous and its usages should be avoided. Always discuss this with your personal doctor, as there might be some exceptions.

Disclaimer: this video and the comments are meant purely informational! This is not medical advice! If you are looking for medical advice always contact your own doctor. -

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Literature:
1: Farmacotherapeutisch Kompas. (2021). Methylfenidaat
2: Apotheek.nl (2021). Methylfenidaat

The images in this video are used for educational purposes only. Most of the images and videos in this video come from https://www.canva.com/.

Music:
1. Verified Picasso, Fish Room
2. Patrick Patrikos, Good Times
3: Patrick Patrikios, Rockville
4: Patrick Patrikios, Grut

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