Скачать или смотреть Rainy walk along the medieval city walls and old town of Saalfeld | Thuringia, Germany 2023

Ever since Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa founded Saalfeld an der Saale as an imperial town in Thuringia around 1180, it also had to be protected. For this purpose, a town wall made of natural stone was built, which already had the course that is still visible today around 1250. It had about 37 defence towers, battlements and embrasures and was probably 6 - 8 m high. The wall, which sloped vertically towards the outside of the town, was largely surrounded by a moat; a wooden battlement ran along the inside. Over the centuries, the town fortifications were repeatedly repaired. When a great fire in 1517 also damaged parts of the town wall, three town gates and eight defence towers, the people of Saalfeld quickly rebuilt their protective wall - even before the town hall, which had also burnt down, was destroyed.
Citizens under arms
The town wall showed the strength and wealth of Saalfeld from afar. Above all, however, it served to protect the citizens of Saalfeld. Defending their home town was a civic right and at the same time a civic duty. In return, the noble sovereign allowed the people of Saalfeld to carry weapons of all kinds.
Guardians of the town
Five gates allowed entry and exit: the Upper Gate, the Lower Gate, the Saal Gate, the Darr Gate and the Blankenburg Gate. Four of them had forewalls across the moat. The main gates were manned by gatekeepers. They had to open the gates at first light and close them at dusk. They also had to collect customs duties and question strangers: about the length of their stay, the reason for their journey, where they were coming from and where they were going to. If someone came from a plague area, for example, they were not allowed in. Most of the gates also had prison cells.
Gates and towers today
As the town grew and grew, the fortification ring was broken open: first in 1701 for the New or Castle Gate, because Saalfeld had become a residence and needed a connection to the castle. This gate was torn down again as early as 1830. From 1860, Saalfeld citizens were allowed to buy parts of the town wall. They built houses on it, let in gates or tore them down. In 1887, the Niedere Tor was demolished - the only one of the medieval town portals. One of the defence towers was used in the construction of Kitzerstein Castle. Today, about half of the approximately two-kilometre-long town fortification remains. These wall sections with three defence towers, original battlements and embrasures date from the 14th and 15th centuries.
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English title: Rainy walk along the medieval city walls and old town of Saalfeld | Thuringia, Germany 2023
#saalfeld #thuringia #germany