Electron gun class 10 | 10th class physics chapter 16 electron gun physics wallah sabaq urdu hindi

Electron gun 10th class physics chapter 16 | electron gun physics wallah sabaq in urdu hindi

16.2 INVESTIGATING THE PROPERTIES OF
ELECTRONS
An electron gun (Fig. 16.1) is used to investigate the
properties of electron beam. The electrons are produced by
thermionic emission from a tungsten filament heated by 6 V
supply. A high positive potential (several thousands) is
applied to a cylindrical anode (+). The electrons are
accelerated to a high speed and pass through the hole of the
anode in the form of a fine beam of electrons. The whole set
up is fitted in an evacuated glass bulb.
Fig. 16.1: Electron gun
Deflection of electrons by electric field
We can set up electric field by applying a potential difference
across two parallel metal plates placed horizontally
separated by some distance. When an electron beam passes
between the two plates, it can be seen that the electrons are
deflected towards the positive plate (Fig.16.2). The reason
for this is that electrons are attracted by the positive charges
and are repelled by the negative charges due to force F=qE,
where ‘q’ is the electron charge and E is the electric field due
to plates. The degree of deflection of electrons from their
original direction is proportional to the strength of the
electric field applied.
Deflection of electrons by magnetic field
Now we apply magnetic field at right angle to the b

SUMMARY

Electronics is that branch of applied physics which deals with the control of motion
of electrons in different devices for various useful purposes.

The process of emission of electrons from the surface of hot metal is called
thermionic emission.

Cathode rays are electrons which are emitted from the hot surface of cathode and
travel towards anode due to potential difference.

Beam of electrons emitted from cathode surface can be deflected by electric and
magnetic fields.

The cathode-ray oscilloscope is an instrument which can be used to display the
magnitudes of rapidly changing electric current or potential. It consists of the
following three parts: the electron gun, the deflecting plate and a fluorescent screen.

Those quantities which change continuously with time are known as analogue
quantities. And the quantities which change in discrete steps are called digital
quantities.

Electronic devices have become integral part of our daily lives. Television,
computers, cell phone, audio and video cassette recorders and players, radio, hi-fi
sound system have made our lives more comfortable and pleasant.

The branch of electronics which processes the data being provided in the form of
analogue quantities is called analogue electronics.

The branch of electronics which processes the data being provided in the form of
digits is known as digital electronics.

Logic gates are the circuits which implement the various logic operations. These are
digital circuits which have one or more inputs but only one output.

There are three basics logic gates: AND gate, OR gate and NOT gate. While NAND
gate and NOR gate are combinations of these basic gates.

The AND gate is a logic gate that gives an output of '1' only when all of its inputs are
'1'. The OR gate is a logic gate that gives an output of '0' only when all of its inputs
are '0'. The NOT gate is a logic gate that gives an output that is opposite to the state
of its input.

The truth tables are tables which give the values of the inputs and outputs of the
basic types of logic gates or combination of such gates.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
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