Understanding Mycobacterium tuberculosis

#mtb #drugresistance #endtb
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or M. tuberculosis for short, is a bacterium that causes tuberculosis, a contagious and potentially deadly infectious disease.
TB is a major global health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide.
Did you know that about a quarter of the global population is estimated to have been infected with TB bacteria? And around 5-10% of those infected will eventually develop TB disease.

Cell Wall Structure
Mycobacterium is a slow growing bacteria.
One of the key features of M. tuberculosis is its unique cell wall structure. It's composed of complex lipids, including mycolic acids, which make it incredibly resilient and resistant to many antibiotics. This is one reason why M. tuberculosis can be so difficult to treat.

Taxonomy
Currently there are more than 170 species of mycobacterium.
It can be grouped into Group 1 and Group 2.
Group 1: TB complex organisms
• Mycobactrium tuberculosis
• M bovis
• M africanum
• Other rare species of mycobacterium
Group 2: Mycobacteria other than TB complex (“MOTT”)
It is also referred to as Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium

Identification Techniques
Accurate identification of M. tuberculosis is crucial for diagnosis and treatment. There are various techniques like acid-fast staining, culturing on specialized media, and molecular methods like PCR. Recent advances in molecular diagnostic point of care testing has improved the turnaround time for identifying the disease.
Drug susceptibility testing is essential to determine the most effective treatment regimen.


WHO Global Report
https://www.who.int/teams/global-tube...

00:08 Title
00:30 Introduction
00:39 Cell Wall Structure
01:01 Taxonomy
01:29 Identification techniques
02:01 Pathogenesis
02:41 Transmission
02:59 Global Impact
03:15 Challenges
03:32 Current Research & Future
04:00 Thank you

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