In Bihar, the Muslim community is diverse, consisting of several castes and social groups with distinct identities. Most important Muslim castes in Bihar:
Top 35 muslims castes in state Bihar / bihar election 2025 / #muslimcastes #cast #biharcastesurvey
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Shaikh, Sekh – A prestigious and diverse caste, traditionally associated with scholarship, administration, and trade.
Syed – Often respected as religious scholars and spiritual leaders.
Pathan – Traditionally warriors and landlords, known for their martial heritage and stronghold in certain regions of Bihar.
Ansari – Primarily engaged in weaving and textile industries, historically associated with skilled craftsmanship.
Qureshi – Traditionally butchers and meat traders, playing a significant role in the livestock and leather industries.
Momin – A weaving community similar to Ansaris, known for their expertise in handloom and textile work.
Maldah (Mallaah) – A boatman and fishing community, often engaged in river-based occupations.
Raeen – Primarily engaged in agriculture and horticulture, particularly known for vegetable farming.
Bhat – Traditionally genealogists and poets, serving as record keepers of family histories.
Churihara – Traditionally engaged in making bangles and other small handicrafts.
Dhunia – Involved in cotton carding and processing, essential for textile and bedding industries.
Halalkhor – Historically engaged in sanitation and cleaning work, facing social marginalization.
Faqir (Madari, Sufi orders) – Associated with religious mendicancy and spiritual traditions, often connected to Sufi shrines.
Julaha – A weaving community, overlapping with Ansaris, known for fine fabric craftsmanship.
Muslims can have a significant impact on Bihar elections.
1. Demographic Strength
Muslims make up around 16-17% of Bihar's population, concentrated in districts like Kishanganj, Araria, Katihar, Purnia, Darbhanga, and Sitamarhi.
2. Fragmentation vs. Unity
If Muslim votes are united behind one party or alliance, they can influence around 40-50 assembly seats.
However, divisions among different caste groups (Shaikh, Ansari, Syed, Qureshi, etc.) and political choices (RJD, JD(U), AIMIM, Congress) often split the vote, reducing impact.
3. Political Alignments
AIMIM (Asaduddin Owaisi) is emerging in Seemanchal, but it sometimes divides opposition votes, indirectly helping BJP.
BJP has limited direct Muslim support but uses polarization tactics to consolidate other votes.
4. Issues That Influence Muslim Voters
Education & Employment – Many Muslim youth demand better access to jobs and education.
Security & Representation – Concerns over communal violence and political underrepresentation affect voting patterns.
Welfare Policies – Schemes like scholarships, housing, and reservations play a role in electoral choices.
5. Can Muslims Decide the Outcome?
If a united Muslim vote aligns with a strong opposition alliance, it can block BJP’s rise in Bihar.
If votes are split among RJD, JD(U), AIMIM, and Congress, it benefits BJP by default.
Leadership and strategic seat-sharing among opposition parties are crucial for maximizing impact.
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Here is a list of notable Muslim political leaders from Bihar, past and present:
Current Leaders
Tejashwi Yadav (RJD) – Though not Muslim, he leads RJD, which has strong Muslim support.
Asaduddin Owaisi (AIMIM) – Not from Bihar but has influence in Seemanchal through AIMIM.
Akhatarul Iman (AIMIM) – Bihar AIMIM chief, influential in Seemanchal region.
Shakeel Ahmad Khan (Congress) – Senior Congress leader and MLA from Kadwa (Katihar).
Ghulam Gaus (JD(U)) – Prominent Muslim face in Nitish Kumar’s JD(U).
Parveen Amanullah (ex-JD(U), AAP) – Former Bihar minister, known for activism.
Shahnawaz Hussain (BJP) – Former Union Minister and BJP’s prominent Muslim leader in Bihar.
Fakhruddin (RJD) – Senior RJD leader with influence in Purnia region.
Izhar Asfi (Congress) – Youth leader, active in Muslim political mobilization.
Past Leaders
Syed Shahabuddin (Janata Dal) – Former diplomat and MP, known for strong advocacy on Muslim issues.
Dr. Mohammad Jawed (Congress) – Former MP from Kishanganj, vocal on Muslim representation.
Tariq Anwar – Veteran politician, former Union Minister, and Kishanganj MP.
Ali Anwar Ansari – Former Rajya Sabha MP and champion of Pasmanda Muslim rights.
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