Muscles of the Foot (Groups, Origin, Insertion, Function)

Content
0:00 Introduction
0:20 Division of the Foot Muscles
00:45 Dorsal Group
1:00 Extensor Digitorum Brevis
1:21 Extensor Hallucis Brevis
1:40 Medial Group
1:49 Adductor Hallucis
2:19 Flexor Hallucis Brevis
2:42 Abductor Hallucis
3:01 Lateral Group - Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
3:22 Opponens Digiti Minimi
3:48 Abductor Digiti Minimi
4:10 Middle Group
4:23 Flexor Digitorum Brevis
4:50 Quadratus Plantae
5:11 Plantar Interossei
5:52 Dorsal Interossei
6:22 Lumbricals
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Muscles of the Foot
- Dorsal Group [2]
- Medial Group [3]
- Lateral Group [3]
- Middle Group [2]
- Interossei [2]
- Lumbricals [1]

Dorsal Group [2]
- Extensors of the toes
- Innervated by the deep fibular nerve

Extensor Digitorum Brevis
musculus extensor digitorum brevis
- O: Calcaneus
- I: Tendons of extensor
digitorum longus (2nd, 3rd, 4th toes)
- F: Extension of 2nd-4th toe

Extensor Hallucis Brevis
musculus extensor hallucis brevis
- O: Calcaneus
- I: Tendons of extensor
hallucis longus
- F: Extension of big toe

Medial Group [3]
- Innervated by the Tibial Nerve

Adductor Hallucis
musculus adductor hallucis
- Oblique Head
O:
Base of 2nd – 4th metatarsal
Cuboid Bone
Lateral Cuneiform
- Transverse Head
○ O: 3rd – 5th Metatarsophalangeal Joints
- I: Base of the proximal phalanx of the big toe
- F: Adduction + Flexion of big toe

Flexor Hallucis Brevis
musculus flexor hallucis brevis
O:
Medial Cuneiform
Long Plantar Ligament
I:
Base of the proximal
phalanx of the big toe
F:
Flexion of the big toe

Abductor Hallucis
musculus abductor hallucis
O: Calcaneal tuberosity
tuber calcanei
- I: Base of the proximal
phalanx of the big toe
- F: Abduction + Flexion of the big toe

Lateral Group [3]
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
musculus flexor digiti minimi brevis
O:
Base of the 5th metatarsal
Long plantar ligament
I: Base of the proximal
phalanx of the little toe
F:
Flexion of little toe
Opponens Digiti Minimi
musculus opponens digiti minimi
O:
Base of the 5th metatarsal
Long Plantar Ligament
I: Lateral Surface of the 5th Metatarsal
F:
Adduction + Opposition of little toe

Abductor Digiti Minimi
musculus abductor digiti minimi
O:
Calcaneal Tuberosity
Base of the 5th metatarsal
- I:
Base of the proximal phalanx
of the little toe
F:
Abduction + Flexion of little toe

Middle Group [2]
- Maintain the longitudinal arch of the foot
- Innervated by the lateral and medial plantar nerves

Flexor Digitorum Brevis
musculus flexor digitorum brevis
O:
Calcaneal Tuberosity
Plantar Aponeurosis
- I:
Base of the middle phalanx of the 2nd – 5th toes
F:
Flexion of 2nd – 5th toe at the
middle and proximal phalanx

Quadratus Plantae
musculus quadratus plantae
O:
Calcaneal Tuberosity
Long Plantar Ligament
- I:
Tendons of the flexor digitorum longus
F:
Participates in flexion of toes

Interossei [2]
Plantar Interossei
Musculi interossei plantares
O:
Metatarsal bones of
3rd – 5th Toe (Tibial Side)
I:
Proximal Phalanx of
3rd - 5th toes (Medial Side)
F:
Adduction of the toes (towards the 2nd toe)
Assist with flexion of the toes
Dorsal Interossei
Musculi interossei dorsales
O:
Metatarsal bones of 1st – 5th Toe
I:
Proximal Phalanx of
2nd – 4th toes
F:
Abduction of the toes (away from 2nd toe)

Lumbricals [1]
Lumbricals
Musculi lumbricales pedis
O:
Tendons of the flexor digitorum longus
I:
Base of proximal phalanges of
the 2nd-5th toe (medial side)
Extensor tendons of the 4 lateral toes
F:
Flexion of proximal phalanges
Extension middle and distal phalanges
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