Tinbergen's Four Questions

Episode 2! Really rolling here. Tinbergen's Four Questions are a staple in ethology, but the principles apply to other adjacent fields as well. Having structure in how to ask questions really does help frame things, especially when designing experiments (which I will discuss in the next few episodes). If you have any questions, comments, recommendations, or concerns, feel free to hit up my Twitter (  / anbe_explained  ) or Instagram (  / anbe_explained  . Like, comment, and subscribe and all that.

Papers:
Introduction to the study and definition of animal behaviour: Tinbergen’s four questions: https://www.conted.ox.ac.uk/courses/s...
On aims and methods of ethology: https://www.esf.edu/efb/faculty/docum...
Evolutionary Theory and the
Ultimate–Proximate Distinction in
the Human Behavioral Sciences: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/...
Tinbergen’s four questions: Two proximate, two evolutionary: https://academic.oup.com/emph/article...
Feline vocal communication: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
Phonetic Characteristics of Domestic Cat Vocalisations: http://vihar-2017.vihar.org/assets/pa...
Embryology of the domestic cat: https://pawpeds.com/pawacademy/reprod... (taken originally from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11841... but there's a paywall ): )

Images:
Nikolaas Tinbergen: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Konrad Lorenz: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
Karl von Frisch: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9...
Cat embryo pics: https://pawpeds.com/pawacademy/reprod...


Music: Back to Bach by Will Van De Crommert from Audioblocks
Stock Footage: Storyblocks, https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCu2..., https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCOfy..., https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCk0I..., https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCg9V...

Edited on: Wondershare Filmora9