This Week in Volcano News; Volcanic Tsunami Source Discovered, New Activity in Tonga

This week, a brand new volcanic caldera was found on the ocean floor which is believed to have triggered two tsunamis that struck Japan in October of 2023. Elsewhere, in the nation of Tonga, the Late'iki volcano is displaying signs of unrest and could theoretically already be erupting. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, a fairly sizable partial dome collapse occurred at Mount Merapi, generating a pyroclastic flow which incinerated approximately 5 square kilometers of land. This video will discuss these stories and list the 43 volcanoes which are actively erupting around the planet.

Thumbnail Photo Credit: U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Public Domain, https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/kil.... This image was then overlaid with text, and then overlaid with GeologyHub made graphics (the image border & the GeologyHub logo).

Note: This video's thumbnail image shows an eruption of the Kilauea volcano during 2018. Kilauea is not currently erupting as of December 9th, 2023.

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Sources/Citations:
[1] INGV (Italy)
[2] University of Alaska Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute
[3] Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
[4] Tonga Geological Services
[5] PVMBG (Indonesia)
[6] Vedur.is / Iceland Met Office
[7] Phivolcs (Philippines)
[8] U.S. Geological Survey
[9] Rabaul Volcano Observatory
[10] Servicio Geologico Colombiano
[11] Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
[12] Alaska Volcano Observatory
[13] Vanuatu Meteorology & Geo-Hazards Department
[14] INSTITUTO GEOFÍSICO ESCUELA POLITÉCNICA NACIONAL (Ecuador)
[15] OVSICORI-UNA (Costa Rica)
[16] Sernageomin (Chile)
[17] Vanuatu Meteorology and Geo-hazards Department
[18] Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Russia)
[19] Tonga Geological Survey (Tonga)
[20] CIVISA (Azores)
[21] Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys
[22] Japanese Meteorological Agency
[23] ONEMI (Chile)
[24] Source of Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) methodology and criteria: Newhall, C. G., and Self, S. (1982), The volcanic explosivity index (VEI) an estimate of explosive magnitude for historical volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 87(C2), 1231–1238, doi:10.1029/JC087iC02p01231. Accessed / Read by    / geologyhub   on Oct 5th, 2022.
[25] VEIs, dates/years, eruption plume heights, and bulk tephra volume estimates for volcanic eruptions shown in this video which were assigned a VEI 4 or larger without an asterisk after their name are sourced from the LaMEVE database (British Geological Survey © UKRI), https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/vogripa/view/c..., Used with Permission.
[26] Sandanbata, O., Watada, S., Satake, K., Kanamori, H., Rivera, L., & Zhan, Z. (2022). Sub-decadal volcanic tsunamis due to submarine trapdoor faulting at Sumisu caldera in the Izu–Bonin Arc. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 127, e2022JB024213. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JB024213, CC BY 4.0

0:00 Masaya Volcano Erupts
0:38 This Week's Top Stories
1:18 Marapi's Pyroclastic Flow
2:58 A Newly Found Caldera
3:41 Tonga Volcano
4:17 List of Erupting Volcanoes