Verkada & Networking (Part 4) - The OSI model

The OSI model breaks down the communication flow of any networking device in 7 steps, each providing essential information not only for the destination, but for all the devices handling the traffic, from switches to routers, from firewalls to WiFi access points.

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🗒️ Top takeaways:

➡️ A device will go down the OSI model, encapsulating data and adding important information, such as source & destination MAC and IP addresses, port numbers, encryption and many more

➡️ The information in this headers is used by the network devices to steer the traffic towards the correct destination which, in turn, will reverse the steps and decapsulate the data, resulting in the pure useful information for the application requesting it

➡️ Switches operate at layer 2, being concerned about MAC addresses and switching the frames based on an internal CAM table, mapping destination MACs with egress ports; routers and firewalls, in contrast, operate mainly at layer 3, utilising IP addresses to route the packets

➡️ Routing based on MAC addresses would be impossible, as there are millions of devices connected to the Internet at any point; IP addressing emerged as the way to give routers the possibility to work with a limited set of networks, looking up each destination in real time

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