The anterior interosseous nerve A branch of median nerve; Structures it supplies and effect of its d

The anterior interosseous nerve, also known as the volar interosseous nerve, is a branch of the median nerve. It supplies the deep muscles on the anterior side of the forearm, except for the ulnar (medial) half of the flexor digitorum profundus. The nerve roots for the anterior interosseous nerve originate from C8 and T1.

Here are some key points about the anterior interosseous nerve:

Function: It innervates the following muscles and joints:

Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
The radial (lateral) half of the flexor digitorum profundus (which inserts on the second and third digits)
The inferior radioulnar, wrist, and carpal joints.
Injury: The anterior interosseous nerve can be affected by direct penetrating injury, compression (similar to carpal tunnel syndrome), or idiopathic inflammatory processes (referred to as Anterior Interosseous Syndrome). Symptoms may include weakness in the muscles innervated by the nerve, such as the flexor digitorum profundus muscle to the index (and sometimes middle) finger, the flexor pollicis longus muscle to the thumb, and the pronator quadratus of the distal forearm. Compression of the anterior interosseous nerve branch at the elbow can also cause referred pain in the volar wrist and distal volar forearm.

Clinical Significance: Following peripheral nerve injury to the ulnar nerve, the anterior interosseous nerve is often used as a donor branch to reinnervate the paralyzed muscles innervated by the ulnar nerve.

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