18. Leukocytosis and Leukopenia | USMLE Step 1 Pathology

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Leukocytosis and Leukopenia

Leukocytosis and leukopenia are essential concepts to grasp for FMGE, NEET PG, and USMLE Step 1, shedding light on hematologic disorders. 🩸📚 Leukocytosis refers to an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count, often indicative of an underlying infection, inflammation, or hematologic malignancy. Clinical evaluation, including peripheral blood smear examination and bone marrow biopsy, is crucial for identifying the underlying cause and guiding appropriate management. On the other hand, leukopenia signifies a decreased WBC count, which can result from bone marrow suppression, autoimmune disorders, or viral infections such as HIV. Diagnostic workup entails assessing absolute neutrophil, lymphocyte, and eosinophil counts, along with evaluating clinical symptoms and patient history. Treatment strategies for leukopenia aim to address the underlying cause, including supportive measures and targeted therapies to stimulate hematopoiesis. Understanding the mechanisms, clinical implications, and management approaches to leukocytosis and leukopenia is essential for medical practitioners navigating the landscape of hematologic abnormalities. Let's delve into these concepts and pave the way toward comprehensive medical knowledge! 💉🔍

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