Древнеегипетские мифы о сотворении мира, мифология Гелиополя и Мемфиса

Ancient Egyptian creation myths exhibit significant diversity, originating from various regions of Egypt and reflecting the complex religious systems of the time. Among the most prominent versions are the Heliopolitan and Memphite creation myths.
The Heliopolitan Creation Myth begins with the god Atum, who emerges from the primordial waters of Nun. Atum proceeds to create the first deities, Shu (air) and Tefnut (moisture), through either spitting or an act of self-generation. Shu and Tefnut then give rise to Geb (earth) and Nut (sky), who in turn produce four offspring: Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephthys, thus completing the Ennead — a group of nine deities central to this cosmology.
In contrast, the Memphite Creation Myth attributes the creation of the cosmos to the god Ptah, who, according to the Shabaka Stone, brought the world into being through thought and speech. Ptah conceived creation in his heart, considered the locus of intellect in Egyptian belief, and spoke the universe, gods, and humanity into existence through divine utterance. This myth emphasizes the power of Ptah’s creative thought and speech as foundational to the formation of the cosmos.
Sources
Old Testament Parallels: Laws and Stories from the Ancient Near East. Victor H. Matthews and Don C. Benjamin. 3rd edition published by Paulist Press, NY/NJ 2006 pgs. 8-9.

The Origins of the World’s Mythologies, E. J. Michael Witzel 2012; pg. 113/114.
https://notesfromthedigitalundergroun...
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