Seven Rules for Subthreshold Neuromodulation

Neuromodulation (brain stimulation) can change how the brain works through "sub-threshold" mechanisms. This lecture by Dr. Marom Bikson provides an overview of sub-threshold mechanisms and is directed more to researchers and others already deeply interested in brain stimulation mechanisms. It covers topics that are expanded on in the research publications listed below.

For a more introductory video consider:    • Simple introduction to technical conc...  

Bikson, M., Inoue, M., Akiyama, H., Deans, J. K., Fox, J. E., Miyakawa, H., & Jefferys, J. G. R. (2004). Effects of uniform extracellular DC electric fields on excitability in rat hippocampal slices in vitro. Journal of Physiology, 557(1), 175-190 https://nonagon-grouper-x4a7.squaresp...

Rahman, A., Reato, D., Arlotti, M., Gasca, F., Datta, A., Parra, L. C., & Bikson, M. (2013). Cellular effects of acute direct current stimulation: Somatic and synaptic terminal effects. Journal of Physiology, 591(10), 2563-2578 https://nonagon-grouper-x4a7.squaresp...

Radman, T., Su, Y., Je, H. A., Parra, L. C., & Bikson, M. (2007). Spike timing amplifies the effect of electric fields on neurons: Implications for endogenous field effects. Journal of Neuroscience, 27(11), 3030-3036. https://nonagon-grouper-x4a7.squaresp...

Reato, D., Rahman, A., Bikson, M., & Parra, L. C. (2010). Low-intensity electrical stimulation affects network dynamics by modulating population rate and spike timing. Journal of Neuroscience, 30(45), 15067-15079. https://nonagon-grouper-x4a7.squaresp...