What Is Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome and How Does it Relate to ADHD?

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Main Chapters:
00:00 Intro
00:15 Take home message
02:00 What is Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS)?
05:48 CDS Compared with ADHD
17:07 Potential Causes of CDS
17:45 Treatments for CDS
19:58 Conclusion

Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS), formerly called Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, is a collection of symptoms of cognitive and social disengagement, along with slow thoughts and behaviors. Many individuals with CDS also have ADHD, but CDS can occur in the absence of any ADHD symptoms.

There is extensive similarity between some symptoms of inattentive ADHD and CDS. In general, though, CDS is thought to represent unusual processing in the Dorsal Attentional Network, the "top down" system that selects items for attention and maintains attention. In contrast, ADHD is considered to represent aberrant executive function circuitry, largely in the prefrontal cortex, which renders individuals more susceptible to distraction, and to challenges organizing and planning actions.

Full Chapter list:
00:00 Intro
00:15 Take home message
02:00 What is Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS)?
02:38 The 3 Symptom Clusters of CDS
05:00 CDS Symptoms Factor Analysis
05:48 CDS Compared with ADHD
07:33 CDS as a Separate Condition
10:17 Comparing Focus
11:00 Dorsal Attentional Network (DAN)
12:13 Ventral Attentional Network
13:05 Comparing External and Internal Distractions
14:48 Comparing Shyness / Social Withdrawal / Loneliness / Anxiety
16:09 Comparing Evolution with Age
17:07 Potential Causes of CDS
17:45 Treatments for CDS
19:58 Conclusion
21:28 Clinical Experience
23:36 Social Disengagement
24:35 Outro

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Psychiatrist, neuroscientist, and author John Kruse, MD, PhD presents practical, actionable, well-researched information about treatment options that scientists and clinicians recommend for adult ADHD and other mental health conditions. Subscribe if you're curious about how neuro-atypical brains can optimize their functioning in our shared, and somewhat strange, world.

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