Female Genital System (Internal & External) - Anatomy

Small comment: at 7:06, The ovarian artery and vein runs within the suspensory ligament instead, not the ligament of ovary as stated.

0:00 Introduction
0:50 Ovaries
09:10 Uterine Tube
13:01 Uterus
21:48 Vagina
25:56 External Genital Organs
26:28 Vestibule
27:25 Labia Minora/Inner Lips
27:57 Clitoris
28:36 Bulb of Vestibule
29:06 Labia Majora/Outer Lips
29:49 Mons Pubis
30:06 Summary

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Internal Genital Organs
Ovary
- Inner Structures
○ Tunica Albuginea (tunica albuginea ovarii)
○ Ovarian Cortex (cortex ovarii)
○ Ovarian medulla (medulla ovarii)
○ Follicules
- External Structures
○ Mesovarian border (margo mesovaricus)
○ Free Border (margo liber)
○ Tubal Extremity (extremitas tubaria)
○ Uterine extremity (extremitas uterina)
○ Medial Surface (facies medialis)
○ Lateral Surface (facies lateralis)
- Fixation of the Ovary
○ Ligament of Ovary (ligamentum ovarii proprium)
○ Suspensory ligament of ovary (ligamentum suspensorium ovarii)
○ Mesovarium

Growth and Maturation of Follicules:
- Primordial Follicule
○ Contain primary oocyte
○ Single layer of follicular cells
- Primary Follicules (after puberty, FSH)
○ Granulosa Cells
- Secondary Follicle
○ Primary Oocyte
○ Zona Pellicida
○ Granulosa Cells
○ Follicular Fluid
○ Produce Estrogen
○ Antrum
○ Theca Folliculi
- Graafian Follicle / Tertiary Follicle
- Secondary oocyte. Ovulation
- Corpus Luteum
- Corpus Albicans

Uterine Tube (tuba uterina)
- Parts of uterine tube:
○ Infundibulum (infundibulum tubae uterinae)
§ Abdominal Ostium (ostium abdominale)
§ Fimbriae (fimbriae tubae uterina)
§ Ovarian Fimbria (fimbria ovarica)
○ Ampulla (ampulla tubae uterinae)
○ Isthmus (isthmus tubae uterinae)
○ Uterine Part (pars uterina)
§ Uterine ostium (ostium uterinum)
- Walls of Uterine tube:
○ Tunica Mucosa
○ Tunica Muscularis
○ Tunica Serosa
○ Mesosalpinx

Uterus
- Parts:
○ Positioned in anteflexion
○ Fundus of uterus (fundus uteri)
○ Body of Uterus (corpus uteri)
○ Intestinal (posterior) surface (facies intestinalis)
○ Vesical (anterior) surface
○ Border of uterus (margo uteri)
○ Cervix of uterus
Supravaginal part (portio supravaginalis cervicis)
Vaginal Part
○ Uterine horn
○ Uterine cavity
○ The uterine opening of the oviduct (ostium uterinum tubae uternae)
○ Cervical Canal (canalis cervicis
○ External os of uterus (ostium uteri)
§ Anterior lip of cervix (labium anterius)
§ Posterior lip of cervix (labium posterius)
§ Nullipara: small and round opening
§ Primipara/multipara: narrow fissure
- Internal Structures (histology):
○ Endometrium
§ Functional Layer (stratum functionalis)
□ Simple columnar epithelium
□ Endometrium Stroma
□ Uterine Glands
§ Basal Layer (stratum basalis)
○ Myometrium
§ Longitudinal bundles of smooth muscle
§ Middle layer (stratum vasculare)
§ Arcuate Arteries
§ Radial Arteries
§ Straight arteries and Spiral arteries
○ Perimetrium
- Fixation of the Uterus
○ Peritoneal Folds
§ Broad Ligament of Uterus (ligamentum latum uteri) formed by peritoneum
- Mesovarium
- Mesosalpinx
- Mesometrium
○ Parametrial Ligments
§ Cardinal ligament of uterus (ligamentum cardinale uteri)
§ Vesico-uterine ligament (ligamentum vesicouterinum)
§ Pubocervical ligament (ligamentum pubocervicale)
§ Uterosacral ligaments (ligamenta sacrouterina)
§ Recto-uterine ligament (ligamentum rectouterinum)
§ Round ligament of uterus (ligamentum teres uteri)
○ Supporting apparatus of uterus
§ Perineal Muscles
§ Levator Ani Muscle (musculus levator anii)

Vagina (vagina)
- Vagina Orifice (ostium vaginae)
- Vestibule (vestibulum vaginae)
- Vaginal Canal (canalis vaginalis)
- Anterior wall (paries anterior)
- Posterior wall (paries posterior)
- Vaginal Fornix (fornix vaginae)
○ Anterior part (pars anterior)
○ Posterior aprt (pars posterior)
○ Lateral parts
- Hymen
○ Clinical significance: imperforated hymen may require medical intervention
- Urethrovaginal septum (Septum Urethrovaginale)
- Rectovaginal septum (septum rectovaginale)
- Recto-uterine pouch / Pouch of douglas (excavatio rectouterina douglasi)

Vaginal Wall (histology):
- Mucosa
○ Forms transverse folds
○ Estrogen promotes storage of glycogen
- Muscularis

External Genital Organs:
- Vestibule
○ Lesser vestibular glands (glandulae vestibulares minores)
○ Greater vestibular glands / Bartolin's glands (glandula vestibularis major bartholini). May form barthlin's cyst
- Labia Minora (labia minora pudendi)
- Clitoris
○ Glans of clitoris (glans clitoridis)
○ Body of clitoris (corpus clitoridis)
○ Crura of clitoris (crura clitoridis)
○ Prepuce of clitoris (preputium of clitoridis)
- Bulb of vestibule (bulbus vestibuli)
- Labia Majora / outer lips (labio majora pudendi)
- Mons Pubis

Sources:
Memorix
Complete Anatomy by 3d4medical
Biorender